@RickLell In your case, it's a configuration problem with the BIOS and/or the virtual machine's settings. It looks like Hardware Acceleration is turned off (or not supported on your computer). Try enabling PAE/NX in your virtual machine's settings and check VT-X (Virtualization Technology) is definitely enabled in the BIOS.
This error hasn't got anything to do with the ISO image.
@jallain It sounds like the graphical menu is working, you need to press space bar when you see a grey screen with an "accessibility" icon at the middle bottom. Ignoring this takes you to the selection screen to either "Try" or "Install" as you described.
From the log, problems start at around line 103, it's something to do with ureadahead:
ureadahead[1255]: ureadahead:/usr/share/ubiquity/start-ubiquity-dm: Error retrieving chunk extents: Operation not supported
Followed by a lot of similar messages and then the graphical front end (GTK) crashes completely.
Interestingly, near the bottom I see this line:
/var/log/syslog:Jan 6 16:44:19 ubuntu-mate ubiquity[6324]: return (int(secureboot) == 1)
/var/log/syslog:Jan 6 16:44:19 ubuntu-mate ubiquity[6324]: ValueError: invalid literal for int() with base 10: ''
Which is telling me that Ubiquity is unable to determine whether your system has Secure Boot enabled or not. Are you using a UEFI-based machine? Which OS is already installed on the machine?
Try tweaking some settings in the BIOS, such as booting in "Legacy" mode to see if things are any different.
I can only point and observe, we can continue that in this thread, but the best way to get this problem seen is to report this bug to Launchpad against ubiquity and hope it gets seen.