First off, I hope you're not actually using 0.0.0.0 as an IP address. That address is invalid anyway. I assume you're not using 0.0.0.0 as your actual IP address, because that should toss up a different error from NMap.
With that said, could you please show us the output of iptables -L and also tell us more about where you're running Pi-Hole? Is the Pi-Hole standing between the IPTables-based system and the computer you're using to attempt connections?
We need more information like that to help you. Thank you.
/sbin/iptables -A OUTPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT
/sbin/iptables -A OUTPUT -p tcp --dport 443 -j ACCEPT
sudo nmap -sS 192.168.172.42
Starting Nmap 7.80 ( https://nmap.org ) at 2020-11-04 13:37 CET
Nmap scan report for amd (192.168.172.42)
Host is up (0.000020s latency).
Not shown: 997 closed ports
PORT STATE SERVICE 53/tcp open domain 80/tcp open http 443/tcp open https