Thanks @OldStrummer and @pavlos_kairis I ended up solving this missing GRUB issue, by doing the following:
-
Booting from an Ubuntu MATE 24.04.2 LTS ("Noble Numbat") USB Flash Drive / Pen Drive
-
Running the following commands in a "MATE Terminal" window of the Ubuntu MATE LIVE system (obviously some of these commands have to be changed accordingly to the disk partition layout of each system):
ubuntu-mate@ubuntu-mate:/$ sudo mkdir -pv /mnt/boot/efi
ubuntu-mate@ubuntu-mate:/$ sudo mkdir -pv /mnt/home
ubuntu-mate@ubuntu-mate:/$ sudo mount /dev/nvme0n1p5 /mnt/boot
ubuntu-mate@ubuntu-mate:/$ sudo mount /dev/nvme0n1p1 /mnt/boot/efi
ubuntu-mate@ubuntu-mate:/$ sudo mount /dev/nvme0n1p7 /mnt
ubuntu-mate@ubuntu-mate:/$ sudo mount /dev/nvme0n1p8 /mnt/home
ubuntu-mate@ubuntu-mate:/$ sudo mount --bind /dev /mnt/dev
ubuntu-mate@ubuntu-mate:/$ sudo mount --bind /proc /mnt/proc
ubuntu-mate@ubuntu-mate:/$ sudo mount --bind /sys /mnt/sys
ubuntu-mate@ubuntu-mate:/$ sudo chroot /mnt
root@ubuntu-mate:/# grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --efi-directory=/boot/efi --bootloader-id=ubuntu
Installing for x86_64-efi platform.
grub-install: warning: EFI variables cannot be set on this system.
grub-install: warning: You will have to complete the GRUB setup manually.
Installation finished. No error reported.
root@ubuntu-mate:/# mount -t efivarfs none /sys/firmware/efi/efivars
root@ubuntu-mate:/# grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --efi-directory=/boot/efi --bootloader-id=ubuntu
Installing for x86_64-efi platform.
Installation finished. No error reported.
Exit, reboot and - as the French say - et voilà ! GRUB and dual-boot to Windows 11 and Ubuntu MATE 24.04 working correctly again!
For reference, here is the content of my /boot/efi/EFI/ubuntu
directory after having done this procedure:
ricmarques@mypc:~$ sudo ls -l /boot/efi/EFI/ubuntu
total 4396
-rwx------ 1 root root 108 mai 4 18:00 BOOTX64.CSV
-rwx------ 1 root root 112 mai 4 18:00 grub.cfg
-rwx------ 1 root root 2660232 mai 4 18:00 grubx64.efi
-rwx------ 1 root root 856280 mai 4 18:00 mmx64.efi
-rwx------ 1 root root 966664 mai 4 18:00 shimx64.efi