I am a beginner , please can anyone tell me difference between Ubuntu and Ubuntu mate?
Different desktop environment. Ubuntu 17.10 later use a customised version of GNOME 3, while 11.10 to 17.04 use Canonical's own Unity desktop environment. MATE is a fork of GNOME 2 which is less resource hungry which should function much better than GNOME 3 on older and less powerful hardware.
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Hello _lokendra_Singh
If I understand correctly, what you want to do is use your new GNU/Linux computer (a HP notebook) to take a computer science higher education course.
(A)
Ask the persons responsible for the course if it would be better for you to use an Ubuntu-based distribution or a Red Hat (e.g. Scientific Linux) based distribution. If, for example you are going into bioinformatics you would probably be better off with Scientific Linux.
(B)
Ubuntu compared to Ubuntu-Mate.
(1)
They are both based on Debian. Debian --> Ubuntu --> Ubuntu-Mate.
(2)
A Linux distribution may be considered to consist of a base operating system (accessed via a "terminal window"), a desktop environment (graphical user interface) and software repositories (secure sources of software). Note, this is a massive over-simplification.
- The base and the software repositories are the same.
- The difference lies in the desktop environment.
Ubuntu currently uses a slight variation of the "Gnome 3" desktop. Ubuntu-Mate uses a (highly polished) "Mate" desktop. The Mate desktop is a desktop-project which is also available on other GNU/Linux distributions (e.g. Debian). The Mate desktop is a continuation ("fork") of the old Gnome 2 desktop. Back around 2010/2011 the Gnome project brought out the Gnome 3 desktop to replace the Gnome 2 desktop. A number of programmers did not like Gnome 3 and branched-off to create the "Mate desktop project" to keep the "way-of-working" of Gnome 2 available. Since then the Mate-project has modernised the Mate desktop while keeping it's way of letting you work.
(C)
If for your course you will mainly be writing code / working in a terminal then you should not see any difference between the two.
If your course is being "taught" based on Ubuntu, then you should probably start with that, as you will have many new things to get to grips with at the beginning of your course.
(D)
I choose to use Ubuntu-Mate. I also have experience of Ubuntu, as I only have that available at my place of work (virtualised).
Good luck. 
As diferenças esta no ambiente , eu ja usei os dois , eu uso ubuntu mate desde do 14.04, não parei mais de usar . O ubuntu mate voce pode deixar ele parecido com windows se voce quiser . Basta baixar um pacote de icones do windows e colar nas pastas do ubuntu mate , o painel inferior exclua e trasnfira o painel superior para baixo , ajuste o tamanho a gosto e crie uma pasta com cores para colorir o painel , exclua o menu , e adicione o menu principal do mate , hoje estou usando o 18.04