Caja has a port of the daja-dup extension ("Restore files...") extension from Nautilus. It's in the package deja-dup-caja and is already installed by default.
For some reason, it's not showing up in the Caja plug-ins. 
Edit: Turns out there is a bug with Caja at the moment where only one Python extension is being registered. Upstream are working on fixing that.
For files/folders thrown in the Wastebasket and/or deleted permanently, then there is a way to "undelete" them: