Sorry for the delayed reply. As I mentioned, I am not an expert at this. But we can take it step by step.
I assume you are trying to boot through the old SSD, not the Silicon Power M.2.
So do not connect that one.
Secondly, load Raspberry Pi OS on a Micro SD card and boot from there.
After that carry out the procedure as mentioned.
I also do not see any other text in the cmdline.txt. I think There was some text in the file which I edited.
Make sure that you are editing the cmdline.txt which is present on the SSD.
I would suggest to reload the SSD with fresh copy of Ubuntu Mate before proceeding with any of the above. If that doesnt work, I really am sorry I don't have any other suggestion. It just worked for me.