Where are the mate-terminal color schemes stored?

When I create a new profile in Mate terminal I set different colors. However it is difficult to set them since there is only a GUI interface, also the colors that were set previously cannot be found out in any way.

Is there a configuration file where the colors are stored?

I suppose it works in the same was as Gnome terminal https://askubuntu.com/questions/774394/wheres-the-gnome-terminal-config-file-located

They are stored in dconf / gsettings.
See this Q&A named “Color scheme not changing in Mate-Terminal” on AskUbuntu.