You have to open the "Welcome-Window" (see applications menu).
Once you opened Welcome, visit "Software".
Here you will find an link to software centres.
When you use the Software Center, type near the top right and it will subset the results as you type. If the program is installed, you will see a green dot near the icon. Or use synaptic, there are many ways to do a task on Linux
Please read my first reply again. Click on the highlighted Link (red rounded) and install Ubuntu Software-Center.
When installed, open Ubuntu Software-Center. On the right you can see a search box. Type in "Lazarus" (without "").
You will find the program. So i find it here. The same with QGis.